Internal-combustion engine.



O. H. L. WERNICKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FhB.13, 191s. RENEWED SEPT.11. 1911.

1,183,771 Patented Mar. 30, 1915,

3 SHEETS SHEET lv i WfibZ/Z [1%, 0110 HLW crmckxc (11'1Ibr11c11.

O. H. L. WERNICKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FlLllD Fm:.1:;.191s. RENEWED SEPT.11.1914.

1,1 33,771. Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

7 W om HLW EYYUQKE /flw MAX/CW Q3 M V QWornm 0. H. L. WERNICKB.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 513.13, 191s. RENEWED SEPT.11, 1914.

1,133,771. Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

13 28 5 Imam or lUWnassas v owouhwmmgm UNITED STATES: A EN OFFICE.

orro H.- n WERNICKE, or GRAND imrms, MICHIGAN.

' INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

isa 771.

speclficationof Lettcrs latent.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

Application mea rebmar 1s, maseriai No. 748,099. Renewed September 11,1914. Serial No. 881,326.

h T all whom it mag co vicemfl I Be it known that'L-OrroI-I. L.WERNIGKE,

a citizen of the UnitedStates of America,

residing at Grand Rapids, in tl1e county of Kent and State of Michigan,have invented certain".new andlnseful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines and I do hereby"l declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such. as willenable others skilled mthe art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines andmore particularly to-that type commonly known as the two-stroke cycleengine, wherein the complete cycle of operations is completed during twostrokes of the pistom and during one. revolution-- ,bfthe crank shaft,and its Object .isto, provide an engine. of' this type with'impleandeffective means for scavenging the cylinder at the the working strokeofthe piston,v and tbii'induce acharge of fresh gas therein; andtoprovide the device with various new and} useful features ashereinafter morefully described and particularly pointed out in theclaims. 1

Heretofore, the chief objection to .the two stroke cycle type ofinternal combustion engine, has 'bee'n the inabilitytothoroughlyscavenge the cylinderofburnedgas. at the completion of the'workinggstroke with the result thatthe incoming charge of fresh gas wasso diluted and contaminated by mixplosion, part ofwhich remained in thecylindeli-fies to prevent obtaining the greatest ex- 310 vs force fromthe mi xture. Furtherfipre,"-this condition necessitated anextravagantjinjection of fuel inorder to obtaina mixtere thatwoul-dexplode at all. All previouaatt'empts to obviate this diiiioultyhaveresulted'=' in overloading the engine with a large amount ofdelicate andintricate mechanism which did not-prove to be eflicient or practical.

My invention is intended to -.oyercomeindex head andexhaust. ports inthecylfnder wall covered by the piston, except .When at the bottom ofits stroke, at which point, they are open to permit the escapeoftheexhaust therethrough, of an exhaust chamber communicating with theexhaust ports escapes. A suction chamberalso communicates with-theexhaust chamber and preferably-surrounds the" crank shaft to facilitateconstruction and a reciprocatory disk is located in the suction chamberand is actuated a cam movement to produce a partial vacuum-inthe saidchamber when the exhaust -ports are uncovered in order to thoroughlyremove the burned gas from the cyl-j inder and todraw in a freshgcharge,and after the exhaust ports are again covered by the rising of. thepiston, this disk returns, expelling the burned gas from the suctionchamber through the exhaust valve which mechanically opens at the,proper time. -The device is also provided-withvarious other novelfeatures ofconstruct'ion and arrangement as will more fully appear' byreference w h;

.Fi-gure 1 is. a 'secti0na1 elevation of a device embodying my'invention; Fig. ;2 is a shafton theline of Fig.'2.

to. the a'ccompanymg draw ngs in Like numbers refer tolike parts in allof 1 represents a, cylinder: an ordinary. reciprocatory pistonQthereir't, which is connected to the crank shaft 3 in;' the ordinaryway by-a connecting rod 4;, said crank shaft being journaled in .thebase .15 of the engine. A cam shaft 6. isalso journaledin the baseof theengi-neanol extends parallel with the crank shaft and .is spaceda shortdistance away from the same and is' driven from the said crank shaftbygears 'Z'and 8,

which: are so proportioned that the cam shaft will .rotate .at thesamespeed-of the r n H t-f. .7 Q.

- An-inlet valve ;9 is provided in thehead of thecylinder and. ismechanically operated through a rocker arm 10 and push rod 11 by a camrollerl2, which traverses a cam slot 13 preferably formed in the body ofthe gear onthe cam shaft. The cylinder is also provided with exhaustports 14, which ex-z tend through the cylinder wall near its centralportion and are so arranged that they will be covered by the pistonexcept when the piston is at the lower extremity of its stroke at whichtime, the ports will be opened to permit the escape of the burned gas.These exhaust ports 14- open directly into an annular chamber 15, whichsurrounds the cylinder at this point and this chamber communicates withan exhaust chamber 16 which is located at one side of the cylinder, andwhich is provided with an exhaust valve 17 which is mechanically openedat the proper time to permit the escape of the burned gas. The exhaustvalve 17 is normally closed by a spring 18, which surrounds itsdownwardly extending stem and is opened by a cam 19 fixed to the camshaft and engaging a push rod 20. The exhaust chamber 16 alsocommunicates with a suction chamber 21, which preferably surrounds thecrank shaft and in which is located a reciprocatory disk 22. This diskis mounted on a sleeve 23, which surrounds the bearing 24 of the crankshaft and is longitudinally slidable thereon. The sleeve and disk areactuated by yoke arms 25 which project downwardly from the rock shaft 26and embrace the sleeve, being providedat their lower ends with studswhich extend into an annular groove in the sleeve. The rock shaft 26extends transversely above the crank shaft and cam shaft and is providedwith a downwardly extending arm 27 having a cam roller at its lower end,which is arranged to enter and traverse a cam groove in a drum 28 on thecam shaft. It will be noted that as the disk is moved outwardly, it willcreate a partial vacuum in the suction chamber 21, which will aid indischarging the burned gas from the cylinder through the ports 14. Themovement of this disk being so timed that its outward stroke will occurwhen these ports are uncovered. As the piston returns and the ports 14are again covered, the disk moves "backward and discharges the contentsof the chamber through the exhaust chamber and exhaust valve 17, whichhas been mechanically opened for this purpose.

The operation of the device is as fol= lows :Assuming the piston to beat the top of the'cylinder with a charge of combustible gas compressedtherein, this gas is ignited by any convenient device, a spark plug 30being shown for that purpose. As the piston nears the bottom of itsworking stroke the exhaust valve 17 having been previously opened bymeans of the cam 19 and push rod 20, is held open until the exhaustports 14 have been partially uncovered. This permits the first strongimpulse of the escaping gas from these ports to discharge through theexhaust valve and escape. The exhaust valve then closes and thereciprocatory disk 22 in the suction chamber begins its outward stroke,which continues as the piston moves downward, and also during a portionof the return stroke until the exdevice through the inlet valve 9 whichopens at the time the exhaust valve 17 closes. This combustible chargeis drawn in through an inlet pipe 29 and is supplied by any convenientthe ordinary carbureter being adaptable for this purpose. on its upstroke again closes the exhaust ports 14, the inlet valve 9 mechanicallycloses and entraps the explosive mixture in the cylinder which iscompressed as the piston rises to the top of its stroke, at which timeignition again occurs and the operation is repeated. After the exhaustports 14 have been closed by the piston and com: munication between theexhaust chamber and the cylinder thus cut off, the disk 22 begins itsreturn stroke and at the same time the exhaust valve 17 is again raisedand the burned gases contained in the suction chamber 21 and exhaustchamber 16, are forced out and escape through the exhaust pipe 31. Therebeing no communication between the cylinder and exhaust chamber andpassages during the working stroke of the engine, it is immaterialwhether the. exhaust valve be open or closed. hence, the valve is heldopen before described.

It will be noted that there is no co1nmunication between the crank caseproper and the suction chamber 21, so that the movement of .the pistonhas no effectupon the operation of the reciprocatory disk 22 inperforming itsfunction. It will also be noted, that this engine differsfrom the ordinary two cycle type, in that the induction of a freshcharge does not depend upon compression in the crank case. but is drawnin by the suction caused by the disk 2 as the burned gas is drawn out ofthe cylinder.

This invention is hereinshown and described as applied to a singlecylinder engine, but it is obvious that it may be applied to, orincorporated in an engine of more than one cylinder and that the same Ireciprocatory disk 22 may be made capable from the cylinder into theexhaust chamber iston a chamber communicatin with said port, a normallyclosed exhaust valve communicating with said chamber, a reciprocatingmember in the chamber to exhaust burned gases from the cylinder, andmeans for opening the exhaust valve during the early part of the timethat the exhaust port is open, and again opening said valve after theexhaust port is closed.

3. 'An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder having anexhaust port,

'a piston reciprocable .in said cylinder and periodically opening saidport, a chamber communicating with said port, a normally closed exhaustvalve communicating with said chamber, a reciprocable member in saidchamber to draw burned gases from the cylinder during the'latter part-ofthe time that the exhaust port is open and to discharge the same throughthe exhaust valve after the exhaust port is closed, means for openingthe exhaust valve during the early part of-the time that the exhaustport is open, said means also allowing the valve to close during theremainder of said time and while the reciprocating member is drawing thegases from the cylinder, and reopening the valve after the port isclosed by the piston.

4. An internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, comprising aninlet valve in the cylinder, an exhaust "port in the cylin-' f der wallcovered by the piston andguncov-j ered by the same, an exhaust chambercommunicating with the exhaust port, a valve leading from the exhaustchamber, a. sucwith the exhaust chamber and said ex aust valve, af

tion chamber communicatin reciprocatory disk in the suction chamber,

means for holding the exhaust valve open until the exhaust port ispartially uncov-' cred, means for moving the reciprocatory disk outwardafter the exhaust valve has closed and until the exhaust port is againclosed, and for moving the disk inward after the exhaust port has beenclosed, and means for again opening the exhaust valve while thereciprocatory disk is moving inward.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising an inlet valve in thecylinder, an

I exhaustvport in the cylinder'wall opened in presence shaft bearing andcommunicating with the exhaust chamber, a reciprocatory disk in thesuction chamber, and means for moving the disk outward while the exhaustport is uncovered to remove the burned gases from the cylinder and formoving the same inward,

after the exhaust port has been closed to expel the contents of saidchamber.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising an inlet valve inthe'cylinder, an exhaust port in the cylinder wall opened and closed bythe movement of the piston, an exhaust chamber communicating with thesaid exhaust port, an exhaust valve leading from the said chamber,.asuction chamber surrounding the crank shaft bearing a disk in saidchamber surrounding said bearing and slidable thereon, a shaft journaledin the frame of the engine and rotating at the crank shaft speed, a camon this shaft engaging a push rod to actuate the said exhaust valve,'adrum mounted on said shaft and provided with a cam groove in itsperiphery, a rock shaft provided with an arm having a roller to traversethe cam groove, and a yoke on the shaft to embrace the hub of thereciprocatory disk to operate the same.

7. An internal combustion engine com- I prisin a-cylinder having anexhaust port in the latter chamber, and means to open the a exhaustvalve during the early part of the time that the exhaust ort is open,means for reciprocating said isk to create a suction' in the last-namedchamber to draw the burned'ga'ses in the cylinder into the exhaustchamber during the remainder of the time that the. exhaust port is openand also to draw a fresh charge into the cylinder, said diskefi'ecting'a dischar e of the contents of the exhaust chamber a isclosed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature of two witnesses.

OTTO H. L. WERNIOKE. Witnesses: HAROLD er the exhaust port 0. VANAN'rwnRr,

MAE RaNKIN.

